Collaboration in virtual immersive environments (VIEs) offers unique opportunities for learners to work together and share knowledge, but it also has unique challenges that differ from collaboration in other learning environments. In this section, we will explore some of the factors that make collaboration different in VIEs.

One of the most significant factors that make collaboration different in VIEs is the sense of presence and immersion that learners experience. VIEs can provide learners with a sense of "being there" that can enhance engagement, motivation, and communication among learners (Gao et al., 2012). This sense of presence can help learners feel more connected to each other and the learning materials, leading to a more engaging and effective learning experience (Al-Gindy et al., 2020).

Another factor that makes collaboration different in VIEs is the role of technology. Collaborating in VIEs requires the use of technology, which can be both an advantage and a disadvantage. Technology can provide learners with new and innovative ways to communicate and work together. For example, VIEs can provide learners with shared virtual spaces to work on projects, explore concepts, and engage with content (Bellotti et al., 2013). On the contrary, Technology can also be a barrier to effective collaboration, especially if there are technical difficulties or learners lack the necessary technological skills.

Cultural and social differences can also make collaboration different in VIEs. Collaboration in VIEs can involve learners from different parts of the world with different cultural and social backgrounds. These differences can lead to communication difficulties and misunderstandings, hindering effective collaboration (Obaid et al., 2012). VIE designers must carefully consider cultural and social factors when designing collaborative learning activities to ensure that all learners have an equal opportunity to participate and succeed.

Another factor that makes collaboration different in VIEs is the potential for anonymity. In VIEs, learners may remain anonymous or adopt a different persona, which can positively and negatively affect collaboration. Anonymity can give learners a sense of freedom and creativity, allowing them to express themselves in new and different ways. However, anonymity can also lead to a lack of accountability and responsibility, hindering effective collaboration (Gao et al., 2012).

Collaboration in VIEs offers unique opportunities and challenges that differ from collaboration in other learning environments. By carefully considering the factors that make collaboration different in VIEs, designers, and educators can create effective and engaging collaborative learning experiences that promote communication, cooperation, and the development of important skills.

References

Al-Gindy, A., Felix, C., Ahmed, A., Matoug, A., & Alkhidir, M. (2020). Virtual reality: Development of an integrated learning environment for education. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 10(3), 171-175.

Bellotti, F., Kapralos, B., Lee, K., Moreno-Ger, P., & Berta, R. (2013). Assessment in and of serious games: an overview. Advances in Human-Computer Interaction, 2013, 136864.