Appendix B: Chapter Notes & Sources

Preface

1. All of the icons listed in the preface are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

Chapter 1

1. [Chapter 1] Lewis, B. (Producer) & Bird, B. (Director). (2007). Ratatouille [Motion Picture]. Disney.
2. [Section 1.0] see https://edtechbooks.org/-TMM
3. [Section 1.0, Figure 1.1] “4Cs” by Jered Borup is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License
4. [Section 1.1, Figure 1.2] “K-12 Blended Teaching Models” obtained from K-12 Blended Teaching Readiness: Phase 1 Instrument Development located at https://edtechbooks.org/-VaQ

Chapter 2

1. [Chapter 2] Winkler, I., Chartoff, R. (Producers), & Avidsen, J. G. (Director). (1976). Rocky [Motion Picture]. United Artists.
2. [Section 2.1.1, Figure 2.1] “The Flipped Classroom” created by Doug Archibald is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
3. [Section 2.1.2, Figure 2.2] “Station Rotation” created by Doug Archibald is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
4. [Section 2.1.4] See https://www.aleks.com/
5. [Section 2.1.4] See http://www.flexliteracy.com/
6. [Section 2.1.4] See https://www.imaginelearning.com/ More information regarding support in students’ primary language can be found here: https://edtechbooks.org/-tuh
7. [Section 2.1.4, Figure 2.3] “Flex Rotation” created by Doug Archibald is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
8. [Section 2.2, Figure 2.4] “Three Types of Interaction” created by Jered Borup is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License
9. [Section 2.2, Figure 2.5] “Combinations of Human In-person and Technology Online Interactions” obtained from K-12 Blended Teaching Readiness: Phase 1 Instrument Development located at https://edtechbooks.org/-VaQ
10. [Section 2.2, Figure 2.6] “A Classroom with Teacher and Students” by U.S. Department Agriculture licensed under CC BY and located at https://edtechbooks.org/-tcD
11. [Section 2.3, Figure 2.7] Original Tweet by @rossmonstr and a screenshot was obtained from https://edtechbooks.org/-vnA
12. [Section 2.3, Figure 2.8] The photos for Figure 2.8 came from:
    1. Photo of the blackboard was created by NASA and is in the public domain.
    2. Photo of the overhead projector obtained from College of Textiles. General (UA023.017.000), Special Collections Research Center at NCSU Libraries.
    3. Photo of the LCD projector was created by History Teachers’ Association of Victoria and obtained from: https://edtechbooks.org/-PDr
    4. Photo of the document camera by IPEVO and obtained from: https://edtechbooks.org/-FSc
    5. Photo of the interactive white board created by TBB-Bilder and is in the public domain.
    6. Screenshot of the Khan Academy video obtained from https://edtechbooks.org/-KSZ
13. [Section 2.3.1, Figure 2.9] “RAT Framework” was created by modifying an image created by Royce Kimmons licensed under CC BY and located at https://edtechbooks.org/-DAc
14. [Section 2.3.2, Figure 2.10] “PIC Framework” was created by modifying an image created by Royce Kimmons licensed under CC BY and located at https://edtechbooks.org/-DAc
15. [Section 2.3.3, Figure 2.11] “PICRAT Matrix” was created by Royce Kimmons licensed under CC BY and located at https://edtechbooks.org/-DAc
16. [Section 2.4.1, Figure 2.12] “Khan Activity Data” is made up of screenshot images taken from a Khan Academy course created by Charles Graham and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

Chapter 3

1. [Section 3.1.1, Figure 3.1] “Time-based Vs. Mastery-based Progression” created by Doug Archibald is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
2. [Section 3.1.2, Figure 3.2] “Exam Scores Above 85%” created by Charles Graham is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
3. [Section 3.1.2, Figure 3.3] “Unit Exam Results Divided into Four SLOs” created by Charles Graham is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
4. [Section 3.1.2, Figure 3.4] “Gradebook view of Unit Exam Results Divided into Four SLOs” created by Charles Graham is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
5. [Section 3.1.3, Figure 3.5] “Mastery Stoplight” created by Charles Graham is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, and was created using the Traffic Light image at https://edtechbooks.org/-MRu which has a CC BY NC license.
6. [Section 3.1.3, Figure 3.6] “MasteryConnect Mastery Tracker” created by Charles Graham is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
7. [Section 3.2.1, Figure 3.7] “Example of Class-level Data Tracker from Imagine Learning” cropped from Teacher Dashboard image at https://support.imaginelearning.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/Teacher-Dashboard.jpg
8. [Section 3.2.1, Figure 3.7] Imagine Learning (https://www.imaginelearning.com/) is an adaptive learning software that focuses on language/literacy, Spanish, and Math.
9. [Section 3.2.1, Figure 3.8] “Mastery Gradebook Comparison” remix of various mastery gradebook screenshots
   1. Google Spreadsheet and MasteryConnect images created by Charles Graham
   2. Canvas found at https://edtechbooks.org/-ZTX
   3. PowerSchool found at https://edtechbooks.org/-Wkr
10. [Section 3.2.1] The software MasteryConnect (https://www.masteryconnect.com/), Canvas LMS (https://www.canvaslms.com), and PowerSchool SIS (https://www.powerschool.com/) provide mastery gradebooks that use streetlight color coding schemes. Google Sheets (https://edtechbooks.org/-goR) can be conditionally formatted so that a cell automatically change color based on the value. This tutorial page shows how to create conditional formatting in Google Sheets: https://goo.gl/z6xdLA
11. [Section 3.2.1, Figure 3.9a] “Example of Data Dashboard from ImagineLearning” remix of a student data dashboard from ImagineLearning found at https://edtechbooks.org/-AXH
12. [Section 3.2.1, Figure 3.9b] “Example of Data Dashboard from Khan Academy” created by Charles Graham is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
13. [Section 3.2.1] Khan Academy is a video-based assessment program that is free for teachers and students. More information can be found at https://edtechbooks.org/-AFJ
14. [Section 3.2.1, Figure 3.9c] “Example of data Dashboard from ALEKS” remixed from ALEKS district administration dashboard found at https://edtechbooks.org/-UsQ
15. [Section 3.2.1, Figure 3.10] “Class and Student-level Attendance Data” created by Charles Graham is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
16. [Section 3.2.1, Figure 3.11a] “Activity Data from PowerSchool” remix of PowerSchool frequency view dashboard found at https://edtechbooks.org/-FhV
17. [Section 3.2.1, Figure 3.11b] “Topics Activity Data from Khan Academy” a screenshot image taken from a Khan Academy course created by Charles Graham and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
18. [Section 3.2.1, Figure 3.11c] “Time Activity Data from Khan Academy” a screenshot image taken from a Khan Academy course created by Charles Graham and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
19. [Section 3.2.1, Figure 3.11d] “Student Activity Data from Canvas” a screenshot image taken from a Canvas course created by Charles Graham and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
20. [Section 3.2.3, Figure 3.12a] “Example Mastery Tracker” a screenshot image taken from a MasteryConnect course created by Charles Graham and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
21. [Section 3.2.3, Figure 3.12b] “Individual Student Activity Data from Khan Academy Showing Mastery and Activity Data” a screenshot image taken from a Khan Academy course created by Charles Graham and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
22. [Section 3.2.3, Figure 3.12c] “Individual Student Activity Data from Khan Academy Showing Time Spent and Topics Explored” a screenshot image taken from a Khan Academy course created by Charles Graham and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
23. [Section 3.2.3, Figure 3.12d] “MasteryConnect Assessment Data” a screenshot image taken from a MasteryConnect course created by Charles Graham and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
24. [Section 3.2.3, Figure 3.12e] “MasteryConnect Item Analysis Data” a screenshot image taken from a MasteryConnect course created by Charles Graham and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
25. [Section 3.3.1, Figure 3.13] “MasteryConnect Data” a screenshot image taken from a MasteryConnect course created by Charles Graham and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
26. [Section 3.3.2, Figure 3.14a] “Khan Academy Dashboard – Questions Missed” a screenshot image taken from a Khan Academy course created by Charles Graham and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
27. [Section 3.3.2, Figure 3.14b] “Khan Academy Dashboard – Practice Items” a screenshot image taken from a Khan Academy course created by Charles Graham and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
28. [Section 3.3.3, Figure 3.15] “Canvas Quiz Item Summary” a screenshot image taken from a Canvas course created by Charles Graham and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

Chapter 4

1. [Section 4.1.1, Figure 4.1] “Five Dimensions of Personalization” created by Jered Borup is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License
2. [Section 4.1.3] Greene, P. (July 16, 2018). The seven requirements to launch a personalized learning program. Obtained from https://edtechbooks.org/-AXa
3. [Section 4.1.3] Gross, B., Tuchman, S., & Patrick, S. (2018). A National Landscape Scan of Personalized Learning in K-12 Education in the United States. iNACOL, Vienna, Virginia. Obtained from: https://edtechbooks.org/-KoH
4. [Section 4.1.3] The Buck Institute for Education provides rich resources that can help you to plan and facilitate project based learning: http://www.bie.org/
5. [Section 4.1.3] “Project and Problem Based Learning” created by Jered Borup is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License
6. [Section 4.2, Figure 4.2] “Three Elements of Planning” created by Doug Archibald is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
7. [Section 4.2.1, Figure 4.3] “SMART Goals” created by Dungdm93 is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
8. [Section 4.4.1, Figure 4.4] “High School Playlist” created by Brandon Sheeder is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
9. [Section 4.4.1, Figure 4.5] “Playlist from Lindsay High School” was shared by The Learning Accelerator and can be accessed https://edtechbooks.org/-iMn, it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
10. [p. 140, Figure 4.6] “High School History Choice Board” by R. Comaduran can be accessed at https://edtechbooks.org/-wTf and was originally shared at https://edtechbooks.org/-Ppn
11. [Section 4.4.1, Figure 4.7] “5^th Grade Choice Board” created by Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools: Personalized Digital Learning Department is located at https://edtechbooks.org/-ZHZ, it can be found on their website https://sites.google.com/cms.k12.nc.us/cmspdl/home and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

Chapter 5

1. [Section 5.0] U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Sivan Veazie. Located at https://edtechbooks.org/-eI
2. [Section 5.1] Moore, M. G. (1989). Editorial: Three types of interaction. The American Journal of Distance Education, 3(2), 1–6.
3. [Section 5.1, Figure 5.2] “Three Types of Interaction” created by Jered Borup is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
4. [Section 5.2.1] Additional information regarding Safari Live, including scheduling information and previous safari videos can be found here: https://wildearth.tv/schools/
5. [Section 5.2.1] Image of Safari taken and provided by Katie Talbot
6. [Section 5.2.1] Additional Mystery Skype resources can be found at https://edtechbooks.org/-mnh
7. [Section 5.2.1] VoiceThread has curated the following library of example lesson plans and VoiceThreads: https://edtechbooks.org/-uw
8. [Section 5.2.2, Figure 5.3] “THINK System” image created by Shannon Long and was obtained from https://edtechbooks.org/-yod
9. [Section 5.3] The table was obtained from “Generating and Facilitating Engaging and Effective Online Discussions” by University of Oregon Teaching Effectiveness Program, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0. http://bit.ly/btb-v400
10. [Section 5.3.1] Brunsell, E. & Alderton, E. (March 2, 2012). Blended learning: Adding asynchronous discussions to your F2F classroom. Edutopia. Obtained from https://edtechbooks.org/-HRp
11. [Section 5.3.1] Davis, B. G. (2009). Tools for teaching. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
12. [Section 5.3.1] There are lots of great resources that align question stems to Bloom’s Taxonomy. One of our favorites is an image created by Enokson that is the Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. You can access the image on flickr: https://edtechbooks.org/-LxA
13. [Section 5.3.2] North, S. (May 3, 2017). Using “roles” in your online discussions. Blog post published in the University of Colorado Denver’s Online Blog for Faculty. Obtained from https://edtechbooks.org/-qVc
14. [Section 5.4] Hattie, J. (2009). Visible learning: A synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to achievement. Routledge, New York.
15. [Section 5.4] Eraut, M. (2006). Feedback. Learning in Health and Social Care, 5, 111–118. https://edtechbooks.org/-HUaC
    1. [Section 5.4, Figure 5.4] “Feedback Elements” created by Jered Borup is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License
    2. [Section 5.4] Boling, E. C., Hough, M., Krinsky, H., Saleem, H., & Stevens, M. (2012). Cutting the distance in distance education: Perspectives on what promotes positive, online learning experiences. The Internet and Higher Education, 15(2), 118–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.11.006
16. [Section 5.4.2, Figure 5.5] “Feedback Burger” created by the George Mason University’s College of Education and Human Development Online Teaching Initiative is licensed under CC BY SA
17. [Section 5.4.3] Providing video feedback can be somewhat challenging initially. We recommend reading the following article for some practical guidelines that will make creating video feedback comments more effective and efficient: http://rdcu.be/tRrA
18. [Section 5.4.3] Hattie, J. (2009). Visible learning: A synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to achievement. Routledge, New York.
19. [Section 5.4.3] Hattie, J. (2009). Visible learning: A synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to achievement. Routledge, New York.

Chapter 6

1. [Section 6.0, Figure 6.1] “Blended Teaching Puzzle” is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
2. [Section 6.1] Plutarch (1927). On listening to lectures. In Frank Cole Babbit (Trans.) Plutarch moralia: Volume I. Harvard University Press.
3. [Section 6.1.1] VirtualChemLab: http://chemlab.byu.edu/
4. [Section 6.1.1, Figure 6.2] “Richness and Responsiveness” created by the George Mason University’s College of Education and Human Development Online Teaching Initiative licensed under CC BY SA
5. [Section 6.1.1] See https://stellarium.org/ This software is free and open source. Students can zoom in to explore the planets and stars within the universe. It also allows students to modify time to see events take place that would take much too long to view in the natural sky.
6. [Section 6.1.1] See https://www.google.com/earth/ This software is free and allows users to explore anywhere in the world.
7. [Section 6.1.2] See https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/
8. [Section 6.1.3] See https://edtechbooks.org/-mKj
9. [Section 6.1.4] Additional fair use guidelines can be found at https://edtechbooks.org/-aef
10. [Section 6.1.4] See https://edtechbooks.org/-ycq
11. [Section 6.1.5] See https://creativecommons.org/
12. [Section 6.1.4] See David Wiley’s TED-Talk at https://youtu.be/Rb0syrgsH6M
13. [Section 6.1.4, Figure 6.3] “Creative Commons Licenses” created by Douglas Archibald is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
14. [Section 6.2.2] Guo, P., Kim, J., & Rubin, R. (2014). How video production affects student engagement: An empirical study of MOOC videos. Proceedings of the First ACM Conference on Learning at Scale Conference, 41–50. https://edtechbooks.org/-dLE
15. [Section 6.2.4] See https://youtu.be/7MuDgfX9C2w for an example of how well the YouTube captioning did with a Taylor Swift song.
16. [Section 6.3, Figure 6.4] “Aligning Goals, Assessments, and Activities” created by Jered Borup is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License
17. [Section 6.5] See https://edtechbooks.org/-gdc
18. [Section 6.5, Figure 6.5] “J-curve” created by Doug Archibald is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License